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My Road Map To Prosperous Pakistan



      Pakistan is one of the most resourceful country of the world. Allah has gifted Pakistan many natural resources. We have huge mountains covered with snow. We have long rivers, mighty ocean, four pleasant weather, fertile land and every crops of the world.
But some Insincere activities of our politicians and leaders are the big draw back in the way of prosperous Pakistan. I have a road map to make my country in the row of prosperous
Contents
  • *Education structure
  • * Economic Development
  • * Agriculture Development
  • * Industrial Development
  • * Small & Cottage Industries
  • * No Distinction Among Different Departments.
  • * International trade 
  Education Structure
A good education structure is very important for any country. In Pakistan education structure is very bad. Many people of rural areas don’t want to send their children in school. Information technology and technical education is very important in these days.
   
Economic Development
Economic development has very important roll to the prosperous Pakistan. Economic development can over come all the problem of the country. Inflation and deflation could be destroy because of economic development. 
Agriculture Development
 
Agriculture sector is the main sector of the Pakistan. Nearly 20.9 percent of total output (GDP) and not only 43.4 percent of country’s work force is employed in agriculture but 65.9 percent of country’s population living in rural areas is directly or indirectly linked with agriculture for their livelihood. But this sector need some development till now. New technology should be introduce. For example tractors, harvesters, thrashers and tube wells etc. chemical technology is also very important. It includes plant protection measures like pesticides fertilizers, etc.
 



 
Industrial Development
   Industrialization is the basic solution for prosperous Pakistan. The history shows that all the developed countries of the world got development by industrialization. Pakistan requires industrial development to achieve higher standard of living. In Pakistan many type of industries are working such as textile, sugar, chemical, cement, woolen and paint and varnish etc. But there is need to development in these industries till now.
 
  Small or Cottage Industries

Small scale and cottage industries play a central role in creating economic growth, employing the growing work force in developing countries so helping in income generation and in reducing poverty. Countries like Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Japan etc have establish small scale and cottage industries firstly and now have become the Asian tigers.
 
Distinction Among Different Departments
Distinction among different departments leave very bad impact on the country’s development. Judiciary, parliament and army should not interfere in their matters. Each should work separately and impartially. If they come to fight each other like today in Pakistan everyone try to save his post instead of solving the problem of people.                                                                                                                              
  International Trade
Trade to GDP ratio is 34 percent in Pakistan, which shows that foreign trade is very important for our economy. Growth of our economy and standard of living of our people are closely connected with our performance in foreign trade. Earning more foreign exchange should be the objective of our economic policies. Pakistani exports are less than its imports. Pakistan should increase its exports and decrease the imports for earning more profits.
 
No doubt our leaders have power to make Pakistan prosperous. But they are not serious to solve the problem of the country. If the points which I have discuss or handle properly Insha Allah very soon Pakistan will be in the list of developed countries


Written By Adnan Nasir



Privatization


  1. Ø Definition of Privatization
  2. Ø Causes of Privatization
  3. Ø Merits of Privatization
  4. Ø Demerits of Privatization
  5. Ø Conclusion 
Definition
Privatization is a process of transferring ownership of a business, enterprise, agency or public service from the public sector (government) to the private sector (business). 
Causes of Privatization
  1. To promote the expansion and efficiency of private sectors.
  2. ØTo encourage competition specially to cancel the monopolies.
  3. ØSupport wider capital ownership and encourage employee owner relation
  4. ØTo reduce the size and scope of public sector.
  5. ØTo reduce the opportunities for misuse of public property. 
Merits of Privatization
  1. Ø Improve performance
  2. Ø Promote competition
  3. Ø Reduce burden of government
  4. Ø Turning the sick units into profitable units 
Demerits of Privatization
  1. ØSurplus employees
  2. Ø No branches in rural areas
  3. Ø Jobs for relatives
  4. Ø Loans for few persons
  Conclusion
  Privatization is a way to utilize the resources of the country more efficiently, improvement in productivity and turning the sick units into profitable enterprises.

An Inroduction to Computer security and Risk analysis

Information Security
Age-old concept
Consists of 4 basic parts -
Availability: Accessibility of information for a purpose.
Integrity: Completeness, wholeness, and readability of information, and the quality of being unchanged from a baseline state.
Authenticity: Validity, conformance, and genuineness of information.
Confidentiality: Limited observation and disclosure of knowledge only to authorized individuals.
Technological advances both help and hinder its progress. 
 Computer Security
Where does computer security come in?
It is just a new dimension of information security albeit a dynamic one.
Brought into force by the rapid and extensive diffusion of digital computing and networking technologies
Growth in the volume of valuable information
At the same time, avenues by which it may be compromised have increased many-fold. 
Interpretations
 
Computer security in terms of information security basics:
Availability: Database Server up at all times. Denial of service attacks.
Integrity: ?
Authenticity: Man-in-middle attacks.
Confidentiality: Password and other methods of Authentication.
Tradeoff – Usability vs Security
Capability for managing, processing, and communicating information has increased.
Securing these technologies and the information is difficult and expensive.
Costs involved –
planning, designing, and implementing safeguards,
participation of everyone in the organization.
The second cost limits the freedom to use the technology to its fullest extent.
Fundamental tension between security and usability:
Security requires that information and access to it be tightly controlled
Advantage of the information technologies is their ability to enable the free flow of information.
In competitive industries, usability is a priority over security.
 
Problems of Security
Good statistics on computer-related crime are rare.
Management has to be convinced to spend actual resources to address hypothetical losses.
Security initiatives are of uncertain and poorly quantified benefit, resulting in
Reduce computer usability and worker productivity.
Not providing any tangible benefits.
Address the issue of computer security gurus.
Computer security risks, like other fields, requires -
Managing an open and rational process.
Increase dependence on quantified costs and benefits.
Definition of Risk
 
A formal risk framework - useful tool for decomposing the problem of risk management.
Risks are assessed by
evaluating preferences,
estimating consequences of undesirable events,
predicting the likelihood of such events, and
weighing the merits of different courses of action.
Risk = {(L1, O1), . . . , (Li, Oi), . . . , (Ln, On)}
an ordered pair of outcomes and likelihoods.
Li’s are the likelihoods of the outcomes Oi’s.
Risk Management
A policy process wherein
Alternative strategies for dealing with risk are weighed and
Decisions about acceptable risks are made.
Policy options have varying effects on risk, including
reduction,
removal, or
reallocation
An acceptable level of risk is determined and a strategy for achieving that level of risk is adopted.
Decision-making process involves
Cost-benefit calculations,
Assessments of risk tolerance, and Quantification of preferences.